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IntroductionDuring pregnancy the mammary epithelial compartment undergoes extreme proliferation and differentiation facilitated by stem/progenitor cells. Mouse mammary epithelium in non-pregnant mice contain long label-retaining epithelial cells (LREC) that divide asymmetrically and retain their template DNA strands. The role of LREC during alveogenesis has not been determined. Methods: Immunohistochemistry and autoradiography was performed on murine mammary glands that had been labeled with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (5BrdU) during allometric ductal growth to investigate the co-expression of DNA label-retention and estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) or progesterone receptor (PR) during pregnancy. A second DNA label ([3H]-thymidine) was administered during pregnancy to identify label-retaining cells (LRC), which subsequently enter the cell cycle. Using this methodology allowed us to investigate the co-localization of 5BrdU with smooth muscle actin, CD31, cytokeratin and desmin in periducta

Women at elevated risk of breast cancer who had been randomly assigned to tamoxifen treatment and then developed estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer were diagnosed earlier than women who had been randomly assigned to take a placebo and then developed ER-negative disease, according to a study published online October 7 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Tamoxifen has been shown to reduce the risk of ER-positive breast cancer in women at high risk of disease. The drug does not alter the risk of ER-negative disease. In the current study, Yu Shen, Ph.D., of the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and colleagues performed a retrospective analysis of the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial to deter...

Decisions made after losing one or both breasts to cancer are as unique as the women making them. "It is a very individual process," said Vivian Hussey of Fulton, 52, whose right breast was removed after her breast cancer diagnosis three years ago. Some women are happy with prosthetics, while others opt for reconstruction. In Hussey's case, the reconstruction she desired was delayed for several months because of an unrelated health problem. In the meantime, "I did get a prosthetic breast," she said. "When I was without the breast, I would cross my arms. Now it's perfectly natural. I feel like a whole person again." Reconstruction is a quality of life issue, said plastic surgeon Dr. Bob Buckley of the Tupelo Plast...

Many breast cancer cells facing potentially lethal antiestrogen therapy recycle to survive, researchers say. About 70 percent of breast cancer cells have receptors for the hormone estrogen, which acts as a nutrient and stimulates their growth. patients typically get an antiestrogen such as tamoxifen for five years to try to starve them to death, says Dr. Patricia V. Schoenlein, cancer researcher in the Medical College of Georgia Schools of medicine and Graduate Studies. "About 50 to 60 percent of these women really benefit from hormonal therapy," says Dr. Schoenlein. Why others don't has been asked for at least two decades. One reason may be breast cancer cells switch into a survival mode that normal cells also use when faced with s...

Whole Grain ProductsPhoto © USDAWe like brown bread at my house. It tastes good and has a texture that will stand up to many different sandwich fillings, or...